An independent agency of the US Government.

http://www.fdic.gov/

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) preserves and promotes public confidence in the US financial system by insuring depositors for at least $250,000 per insured bank; by identifying, monitoring and addressing risks to the deposit insurance funds; and by limiting the effect on the economy and the financial system when a bank or thrift institution fails.

FDIC deposit insurance covers deposit accounts, which, by the FDIC definition, include: demand deposit accounts (checking accounts) and savings accounts that have check-writing privileges; savings deposit accounts (savings accounts), and money market deposit accounts; time deposit accounts including certificates of deposit (CDs); outstanding cashier's checks, interest checks, and other negotiable instruments drawn on the accounts of the bank; and accounts denominated in foreign currencies.

FCPA Compliance White Papers FAQ about the FDIC

All financial institutions offering deposit accounts.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Deposit_Insurance_Corporation